This collection contains presentations and/or information about the presentations given by Belmont University students at the annual SPARK Symposium event.

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Submissions from 2025

Protecting Defendants’ Sixth Amendment Right to Effective Counsel During the Plea Process: Why and How the Strickland Prejudice Requirement Must Change in the New Era of Pleas, Caroline Heppner

How Political Polarization Affects our Closest Relationships, Lucas Herculano Houzel

Formless, Denisse M. Hernandez Perez

Reimagining Inpatient Psychiatric Healthcare Design, Madison D. Hill

Isabella Stewart Gardner: A Collector in the Gilded Age, Sophia M. Holston

Math Methods Presentation, Chloe G. Hreha

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Sincerely,, Megan E. Hudson

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Historic Fashion in Movies: Last Night in SoHo, Heidi A. Hughes and Tez Dovier

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Faith in Action: How Christianity and Hinduism influenced the Nashville sit-ins and James Lawson, Mary E. Husmann

University Gentrification: The University's Contribution to Political District Shifts, Naomi B. Israel

Making Music: Guiding 3rd Graders to Compose with Triplets and Sixteenth Notes, Emily M. Ives

Factors Influencing Memory Performance, Faith A. Jackson, Yulissa Cordeo Mata, Emily Batty, and Molly Regan

Assessing the role of EGR1 in CTNNB1 variant HCT116 colorectal cancer cells, Faith A. Jackson, Trinitii Wyatt, and Erick Spears

Transforming Giving: Insights from Donor Data Analysis for Community Healthcare, Abdu Alrahman Jamal Mhanna, Molly Armbrecht, Stephanie Meraz, Kevin Gonzalez Ramon, Shafiqah Telwar, and Laura Spurlock

Retirement Planning for Small Businesses, Mia G. Jay

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Hack-Man, Jordan Jefferis

No Free Lunch: A Study of Student Dining Spending, Jenna Johnson

The Connection of Neuroticism and Openness to Experience to Personal Experience of Music, Adeline Johnstone, Kyra Cannon, and Grace Golden

Piper Jones: A Cabaret, Piper Jones

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Queer Advocacy for Palestinian Liberation, Andrew J. Joseph

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MovieQueue: Leveraging Graph Databases to Build Recommender Systems, Ryan C. Juricic

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William Edmondson Homesite Redesign, Delaney Kelly

Development of Cloning Confirmation Method, Sophie Klaver and Elizabeth Schoenfeld

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Sport for Inclusion: Advocating for Adaptive Sports and People with Disabilities, Gabrielle Kline, Chloe Hreha, and Sophia Lasley

The Health Effects of Night-Shift Nursing on New Graduates, Valentina Komsic, Molly Owen, Sylvia Yates, and Trinity Laiewski

Supporting the Other: The Interplay of Demographic Characteristics and Their Impact on Political Tolerance, Rose P. Kores

Characterization of Protein Partners for RBFOX1 Using a Yeast Two-Hybrid System, Avery Kyle, Derek Johnson, Nathaniel Hepowit, Erick Spears, and Jason MacGurn

The Echoes of the Lost, Sofia P. Lardmuang

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Advanced Infection Prevention in Infants, Kenny Le, Osmara Rojas, Vika Lomonosova, and Blakelee Waller

The Presence of Microplastics in Nashville’s Freshwater Aquatic Environments, Douglass J. Lescher I

Implementing Structured Interprofessional Rounding in an ICU, Aylana Lindsey, Kaia Huston, Ella Stolberg, and Lauren Maestri

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Bird Observations Across Belmont's Campus, Jeremy T. Little and Josiah C. Mustaleski

Belmont Rock Ensemble Showcase, Weiyi Li, Shane Woldow, Alex Gray, Ethan Merry, Julian Velasco, Creighton CJ Holmes, Courtney Dymon, Lucas Ellingson, Quentin Kahn, Gabe Muser, Gennevieve Braden, Laurel Fallis, and Robert Vincent Montano

David vs. Goliath: The Paradox of Asymmetric Warfare, Baker Lockhart

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Nurse Retention Through Mentorship, Leah Lodato, Campbell Wroblewski, Sarah Endre, and Annika Eldred

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Exploring and Improving Generative AI Usage at Belmont University, Stiles Logan and Wyatt Jones

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Analyzing the Legislative Attack on the Public School Systems, Monserrat G. Lopez Velazquez, Alejandra Mercado, Serenity Scott, Robert D. Glasser, and Emily Dubon

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The Impact of Project-Based Service-Learning on Student Career Readiness, Anna J. Love and Ryleigh Green

Implementation of a Standardized Discharge Process at a Substance Use Disorder Inpatient Treatment Facility, Katelyn Love BSN, RN; Kathryn Dambrino , DNP, APRN, FNP-C; Jennifer Sternberg DNP, APRN, FNP-C; and David Phillippi PhD, Biostatistician

Enchanted Glade: Sonata for Marimba, Matthew Love

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Mishaps and Misdiagnosis: The Growing Need for Regulation over the Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Industry, Anna M. Lucchese

Protecting Your Data: What the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act Means for You, Micah D. Lundberg, Caitlin Wilson, and Harper Edwards

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Medication Errors and Prevention, Casey E. Lydon, Brooke D. Stromsland, Courtney N. Hill, and Emma A. Elder

Kids Online: Are Their Data Rights Being Violated?, Jake Maddox, Addison McGrath, and Emma Andersen

The Impact of Income Inequality on Support for Protectionism, Ben T. Mahaffey

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Galaxia, Layth Maloul

Religious Affiliation and Its Effect on the Development of Personal Political Ideology, Callie F. Mangrum

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Carol, jey maroney and Katherine Praet

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Navigating Excellence: A Comprehensive Program Evaluation of an Academic Clinical Nurse Educator Pilot Course, Rachel Marquart, Jennifer Sternberg, Kathryn Dambrino, David Phillippi, Jessica Savage, and Tammy Legge

EdTPA: Diving into Dynamics, Noelle Chien-LI Martin

Video Games in Middle School General Music, Quinn Martin

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The Holler, Ainsley C. Maryanski

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Faith in Conflict: Religious Divisions and Conflict in Iraq, ELENA A. MASSAD MS

Perception and Quality of Water: Understanding Student Preferences and Water Quality at Belmont University, Katherine Massaro and Ross Andrew

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Kelly Miller Smith: The Role and Recognition of Local Leadership, Kenneddia Mastin

Bisa Butler and a History of African American Quilting Practices, Celia Mayfield

Healing Arts: Honors Scholars Collaborative, Celia Mayfield, Jordan Ludwig, Siena DeAngelo, Ella Quincy, Eli Moore, Kenda Alkayyali, Cole Barnhill, Claudia Deichert, Grace Eschbach, Abby Jester, Patrick McDowell, Elizabeth Newman, Richie O'Brien, Elsie Spivey, and Ann Welling

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Efficacy of Ketamine in Reduction of Depression-Like Symptoms in D-Amphetamine Withdrawal, Sara McClung

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NecroRun, Jeremiah R. McDonald

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Importance of Nursing Hourly Rounding on a Step-Down Unit to Decrease Falls and Call Bell Usage, Brigitte A. McGuire, Jayden Stidham, and Emma Schmidt

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Improving Nurse Burnout, Francesca McKenzie, Gracey Sanderson, Lindsey Farley, and Zachary Marshall

Storytelling With Strangers, Mariah F. McKibben

Tax Rates and Tax Revenues: The Other Influencers of Revenue and Their Relationship to Behavior, Chase M. McMaster

Career Recommender System, Sella Mekonnen

Discovery of a Two-Component System That Responds to Vancomycin in Clostridioides difficile, Lauren R. Melton; Martin V. Douglass PhD; and Eric Skaar PhD, MPH

The Healthy Campus Project, Hallie Merriman, Julia Mcquade, and Will Salomone

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ART THERAPY: AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR VETERANS SUFFERING FROM TRAUMA AND PTSD, Trisha Metcalf

Analysis of Antioxidant Levels in Canned, Frozen, and Fresh Green Beans, Erica M. Meyer

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You Tank! Game Demo, Elie E. Milburn

Pride and Prejudice Design and Production, Em Mills, Abigail McCurdy, Jules Robinson, and Nora Jones

1986 Havana Biennial: A Trifecta of Global South Diaspora and The Link of Tragedies, Amelia S. Mistry

Oxytocin and Stress: Investigating Physiological Responses to Stress and Relaxation, Drake Mitchell, Kiki LeBaron, Katie Krahn, Autumn Thomas, and Timothy Schoenfeld

Individual Game Development Showcase, Eli N. Mizerski

English 1: Origins and Ends of Language, Maggie P. Monteverde

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Learning by Doing: The Impact of Experiential Learning Through Tower Creative Communications, Bryson I. Moore

Predicting Athlete Performance Readiness Through Countermovement Jump Analysis, Emory Moore

What Is GDPR? How It Protects Your Personal Information, Tristen Moore and Liam Powers

Ward-Belmont, College Catalogues, and Women's Place in Early Twentieth Century American Society, Amelya A. Morgan

Protonation of Terbium Complexes as a Possible Chemical Sensor, Sean W. Murray and Justin Stace

Teaching Trust: How Civics Education Creates Confidence in Democracy, Caroline R. Muse

Effects of Haptics on Virtual Reality Gameplay Experience, John C. Nelson, Abbey Roach, Dara Olopade, and Mackenzie Warner

Enhancing and Highlighting Digital Literacy: A Tool for Credibility Assessment, Cindy P. Nguyen

Neuroticism and Physical Health in Adolescents, Izzy Nguyen, Emma Dilworth, and Emily Simmons

The Unborn Child Protection Act of 2025: A Comprehensive Policy Analysis, Brooke A. Nicholson

Sensory Space: Redefining Accessibility based on Lived Experience, Zoe Niesen

Sensory Space: Redefining Accessibility based on Lived Experience, Zoe Niesen

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Equine Adaptability in Fashion Design Studio II and Advanced Fashion Technologies, Shannon M. North, Andie Day, Margo Dobbs, Charlie Turner, Mary Cerroni, Kaylee Chisholm, Trisha Metcalf, Ashlee Elliott, and Emily Guerry

Psychology: Sniff and Solve; The Role of Aroma in Puzzle Performance, Emily Norviel

Solving the Cube: A Group Theoretical Approach to Understanding the Rubik’s Cube, Emily Norviel

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Public Memory Through Memorialization, Sophie A. O'Brien

Birds of the Air, Governance and Grant, Andrew Obringer, Emily Guerry, and Penelope Stephan

Broadcasting Bias: Exploring The Intersection of Media and Politics’ role in Polarization, Hannah L. O'Connor-Spicer

Exploring Approaches to Mental Health in Minority Communities of African Descent, Dara Olopade, Emmanuel Saka, Rudolph Bedeley, Wiliam Bedeley, and Michael Oliver

Social Media Engagement Plan for the Office of Hope, Unity & Belonging, Naomi Naylea Ordonez

GDPR Uncovered: What U.S. Businesses and Professionals Need to Know, Catalina Ortiz, Preston Morgan, and Joe Piazza

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Understanding the California Consumer Privacy Act: Empowering Individuals and Businesses, Kelley G. Palladino, Leah Hetherington, and Brennan Zentmeyer

Thermal Tolerance and Behavioral Responses of Sunburst Platy (Xiphophorus maculatus), Gabi Palumbo and Dr. Ross Andrew

Cell Size Sorting with Acoustically Aided Microfluidics, Arantxa Sophia Pardue

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Exploring Belmont’s Herbarium, Corinne Parker and Darlene Panvini

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Oh Mother, Where Art Thou Paycheck?: Answering the Mommy Blogger Dilemma with Increased Privacy and Financial Protections for Minors, Sarah M. Parker