Law Faculty Scholarship

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2024

Abstract

This perspective article examines the relationship between human genomics research and health equity, highlighting persistent disparities in the design, participation, and implementation of genomic science. Although genomics has substantial potential to improve disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, the benefits of genomic advances have not been equitably distributed across populations. Historically, genomic research has disproportionately relied on datasets derived from individuals of European ancestry, resulting in limited generalizability of findings and the risk of exacerbating existing health disparities. Drawing on insights from a National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) workshop and a targeted literature review, the authors identify key challenges and opportunities for advancing health equity in genomics. Major themes include improving equitable participation in genomic studies, increasing diversity within the genomics workforce, building meaningful partnerships with underserved communities, developing metrics to assess health equity outcomes, and implementing policies that address structural inequities in research and healthcare systems. The article emphasizes that achieving health equity in genomics requires integrating social and structural determinants of health into research design, ensuring inclusive participation, and establishing policies that promote equitable access to genomic technologies and data. Ultimately, the authors argue that applying a health equity lens across the entire genomics research enterprise—from study design to clinical implementation—will enhance the scientific validity of genomic discoveries while ensuring that advances in genomic medicine benefit diverse populations.

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